Microsoft Paint

MS Paint or Microsoft Paint (formerly Paintbrush for Windows) is a simple graphics painting program that has been included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows since its first release. The program opens and saves files as Windows bitmap (24-bit, 256 color, 16 color, and monochrome, all with the .bmp extension), JPEG, GIF (without animation or transparency, although the Windows 98 version and a Windows 95 upgrade did support the latter), PNG (without alpha channel), and TIFF. The program
can be in color mode or two-color black-and-white, but there is no grayscale mode.
Paint is a drawing tool you can use to create simple or elaborate drawings. These drawings can be either black-and-white or color, and can be saved as bitmap files. You can print your drawing, use it for your desktop background, or paste it into another document. You can even use Paint to view and edit scanned photos. Introduction Microsoft Paint Introduction Microsoft Paint is a simple graphics editing program that is included with Microsoft Windows. Although Paint is not very sophisticated, like the Notepad text editor, you may get stuck someplace where you need to do graphics editing and all that is available is Paint. In addition, the features of Paint are included in most graphics editing programs in more sophisticated form, so learning Paint is a good introduction to other graphics editing programs. Microsoft Paint can paste any object you put in the clipboard that you take from the Internet, although it will only save in bitmap file format. A nice feature is its ability to locate the pixel position by putting the cursor over the desired position. It can also tell the amount of pixels that an object contains by pointing the cursor to the bottom right of the object. This feature allows users to create objects exactly the size they want them to be. The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system. Our choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications we can run. Microsoft Paint can also reduce the size of an image in two ways. The first is by allowing you to shave off sides of the image. The other is by allowing you to decrease the overall image. Paint will let you select a portion of a picture, too. You can copy it to the clipboard and/or entirely remove it from the original. By opening another Paint application, you can paste that selected image to work on. Microsoft Paint can flip images horizontally, vertically, or in degrees. This allows a person to edit and/or touch-up the side of any image without having to move the image, possibly causing conflicts in size. The images you create and edit in paint can be copied and pasted into a Word, PowerPoint, or Web document. Starting Paint One way to start Paint from the Desktop is as follows. Select Start > Programs > Accessories > Paint. The executable file for Paint is pbrush.exe and is located in the Windows directory, usually C:\WINDOWS. Components of Paint Window The Menus The Menus Knowing how to use menu commands is a basic Windows skill. But just in case you’re a real beginner, we’ll do a quick recap. The Menus appear directly beneath the Title Bar in the window. There are six menus in the Paint window, which I’ve circled in red to emphasize. They are called "Menus" because they work like a menu at a fast food restaurant. When you want to place an order at a restaurant, you look up on the wall for what you want, and if you see it, then you select it. The computer works the same way. You just look in the menu, then select the item that you want. Because a complete list of all the items on the menu would take up a lot of screen space that could be better used for other things, the menu items "hide" most of the time. To bring up a menu in its entirety, just click on the Menu’s heading, and the rest of the menu will "pull down". The Drawing area When started, Paint displays a default drawing area which is called the canvas. Toolbar Microsoft Paint has an assortment of painting Tools that you can use for drawing shapes and applying color to areas of your image in various ways. You switch between tools by clicking on the appropriate Icon on the Toolbar, which is located on the left side of the Paint window. The toolbox is a floating toolbar that contains icons that change the mode of the program. By default, the Pencil mode is active. To toggle the toolbox on and off, select Tools > Tool Box (shortcut Ctrl-T). The Toolbar Buttons Line Tool Eraser/Color Eraser Curve Tool Fill with Color Rectangle Pick Color Polygon Magnifier Ellipse Pencil Rounded Rectangle Paint Brush Free-form Select Airbrush Select Text tool The Color Palette To select the color you’re working with, you use the Color Palette. The Color Palette is a part of the main Paint window, and looks like this: The box on the left side shows the active colors. The top, overlapping rectangle (currently black) is the foreground color. The foreground color is the color that will be used by the following Tools: Text, Pencil, Paintbrush, Airbrush, Fill, Shapes, Line, and Curve. To change the foreground color, click on the desired color in the Color Palette with the left button on your mouse. The bottom rectangle is the background color. The background color is the default color of any new image that you create. When you use the Eraser tool, the Eraser turns whatever you erase back to the background color. To change the background color, click on the desired color in the Color Palette with the right button on your mouse. Usually, you’ll want to leave the background color alone, but occasionally you may want to make it some color other than white. Tip: The background is also a secondary color for certain tools, such as the shapes tools. If you set the tool options for the shapes to draw filled shapes, the fill color will be the background color. Tip: The background color can also be used by the tools if you draw using the right button on the mouse instead of the left button. That way, you can switch quickly between two colors that you are using frequently. You might think that the selection of colors available on this color palette is rather limited, and you’d be right. In order to gain access to a greater variety of colors, you’ll want to use the Color Picker. We’ll go over this when we talk about the Colors Menu. Line drawing tips The "Line" button is used to to draw a straight line. Select the "Line" button from the toolbox. Select a line width at the bottom of the toolbox. Choose a color for the line. Draw a line on the canvas. Use the left mouse button to draw with the foreground color. Use the right mouse button to draw with the background color. To draw perfectly horizontal, vertical, or 45 degree angle lines, press and hold the Shift key while drawing the line. Note that this usage of the left and right mouse buttons seems to violate Microsoft's own user interface guidelines. The Freeform Select tool tips To use the freeform select tool, click on its Icon. With the left button, click on your image wherever you want to begin the selection. Drag the mouse around to create the outline of the freeform shape of your selection. Be careful! The mouse is tricky to use. It may help to zoom in using the Magnifying Glass tool. Zoom in close so you can see what you’re working with more clearly, and to control the mouse with better precision. When you finish outlining your freeform selection shape, release the mouse button. You will notice that the freeform shape that you had been drawing has just mysteriously turned into a rectangle! What gives? Actually, your freeform shape is still preserved; the selection, however, is outlined in a rectangular-shaped guide box. The freeform selection is bounded within this box. If you move the selected portion of the image around, you’ll notice that it still retains the freeform shape that you drew. This may confuse you at first, but you’ll get used to it before long. The Rectangle Select tool tips To use the Rectangle Select tool, click on the Rectangle Select tool icon. With the left button, click and hold the button to begin your selection. Where you click will become one of the corners of the rectangular selection area. Drag the mouse diagonally to where you want the opposite corner of the rectangular area to be. Release the mouse button. The Rectangular selection will also have a rectangular shaped guide box around it. Things you can do with the selected area: Copy or Cut and Paste: To copy the selection, press Ctrl-C. To cut the selection from the image, press Ctrl-X. After Copying or Cutting, you can Paste the selection by pressing Ctrl-V. By Pasting multiple times, you can achieve a mosaic or collage-like effect. Move: Left-click anywhere inside the guidebox and hold down the button to "pick up" the selection, and then drag the mouse to move the selection to another area of the image. It will "float" over the rest of the image, allowing you to position it wherever you want it to be. Release the mouse button to "let go" of the selection. Tip: If you hold down the Shift key as you drag your selection around, it will paste multiple copies of the image, creating a sort of blurred effect. Stretch: The guide box around your selection can be re-sized. You can resize by clicking on the square-shaped tabs located at the corners and the middle sections of the guide box, holding the mouse button down, and then dragging the mouse to change the size of the selection. Release the mouse button when the selection is the size you want it to be. You can make it bigger or smaller, and achieve a distorted effect by "squashing" or "stretching" the selection to make it either wider/narrower or taller/shorter than its original proportions. Apply Effects: You can apply any of the effects from the Image Menu directly to the active selection rather than to the whole image. De-selecting the area: To de-select the area, either activate a different tool by clicking on it in the tool bar, or make a new selection. You can’t have more than one selection active at a time. Once the selection is de-selected, it becomes part of the image again, and will cover over whatever it may have been laying over. Capturing Screen-shots At times you may need to capture pictures of pages (screens), or parts of screens. These can be used to illustrate screens or parts of screens your user may need for a variety of purposes. After a screen is captured and saved as a file.... editing software may be used to modify the capture as needed. When you take a screen shot, you are literally taking a shot of how your screen looks, including any programs visible, layout of the desktop, a snapshot of a live chat room ...whatever you have open. To take a snap shot: Make sure you have the screen looking the way you want it to appear in the image (i.e. Have the right window open), Press the "Print Screen" button on your keyboard, Open a graphics package (e.g. Microsoft Paint), Go up to the "Edit" menu and select "Paste", Resize the image or select certain parts ...manipulate the image however you like Save your image (save your image in JPG or GIF format). To take a snapshot of the entire screen including icons, and mouse pointer, press the Print Screen button. To capture only the top Window, press the Alt + Print Screen buttons together. The screen capture is loaded into the computer's clipboard. From there it can be pasted into a Word, PowerPoint or Web document, or it can be pasted into MS Paint and edited further. Toolbar tools Line Tool The Straight Line tool is pretty easy to work with. You can change the color and width of your lines by using the Toolbar Options. All you have to do to draw a line is click on the image where you want one of the line’s endpoints to be, then drag over to where you want the other endpoint to be. Then release the button. Easy! But the lines can only be straight. Example: Here's some lines in varying colors and thicknesses. Tip: As with many of the other tools in Paint, holding down the Shift key constrains the Line Tool to making horizontal, vertical, or 45-degree angle diagonal lines. Eraser/Color Eraser The Eraser tool is simple to use. Just click on it to select it, then click on the part of the image that you want to erase. "Erasing" changes the erased part of the image back to the background color of the image file. This is usually white, but can be changed to other colors using the color palette. The size of the eraser can be changed by clicking on the Options portion of the Toolbar when the Eraser is active. Use a smaller eraser to go after small details, the larger eraser to wipe out larger areas of the image. Tip: Unfortunately, the eraser does not come in alternate shapes. But, if you want to use a round "eraser" just set your paint brush to the size and use the background color (paint by using the right-button on the mouse) -- it will work just like the eraser! After a while, this might make you wonder why the Eraser is even there. It seems pretty redundant. The best I can figure is it gives you the option of having a separate tool for erasing so that you don't have to continually change the shape and size of the paintbrush when you want to use it for actual coloring. Example: Curve Tool The Curve tool is trickier to use than the Line tool. It can be difficult to learn how to use, and it is difficult to explain. Your best bet is to experiment with it, but be patient, because it will take a lot of getting used to before you get very good at making curved lines that are the shape that you want. Like the straight Line tool, the Curve tool can make lines in various thicknesses and colors. Try experimenting with various techniques for making lines. Try clicking and dragging to make one kind of line, or clicking and releasing two endpoints. Click a third point to determine the curve. Try dragging an already drawn, but still active, multi-point line to distort its curve. The Curve tool can be very frustrating, especially for beginners, especially since the Undo command can only be used to undo the last change you've made to your image. Just keep practicing! Example: Fill with Color The fill tool applies color (or "paint") to a large area of the image. The Icon for the Fill Tool resembles a pouring jar of paint. Just like if you were pouring a liquid in real life, the Fill Tool’s "paint" will fill an area’s shape with color. You have to be careful when using the Fill Tool for this reason: if you click in an unbounded area of the image, the color will "spill" out and fill more of the image than you originally bargained for, possibly obliterating parts of the image that you wanted to save. Look closely before applying the Fill tool to an area to make sure it is bounded on all sides and that no "paint" can "seep out" and get where it’s not supposed to go. If this happens by accident sometime, don’t panic. Just Undo the Fill tool by pressing Ctrl-Z, find the "leak" and close it with the pencil or line tool, and then re-apply the Fill. There are no special options for the Fill Tool. Example: Rectangle The Rectangle tool draws three types of rectangles: outline, filled with outline, and filled without outline. The interior of the outline rectangle is transparent, whereas the filled types fill the rectangle with the background color. To draw a rectangle, click on the tool, then click a point on the image where you want one corner to be, then drag diagonally and release the mouse where you want the opposite corner to be. Tip: To create a square shape, hold down the Shift Key as you draw the shape. Example: Here's a cool composition I created using only the rectangle tool. Overlapping rectangles, filled rectangles, outlines, different colors... It creates a nice effect. Pick Color The Eyedropper tool has only one function, but it is a useful one. The eyedropper can be used to "pick up" colors that you’ve already used in an image. Say you’re working with an image with many shades of Green. You want to pick a specific shade, but there are several that are so similar that it’s difficult for your eye to distinguish between them. Just click on the eyedropper, and click on the exact portion of the image that contains the color that you want. The active color for your paint tools will automatically change to the color that you picked with the eyedropper. Additionally, the Eyedropper will automatically switch over to the previously selected tool, enabling you to rapidly resuming work on the image with the color you just selected. Tip: You can use the Eyedropper tool to select color for the background color by using the right button on your mouse. Polygon The Polygon tool is similar to the rectangle, but works a bit differently. To create a polygon, activate the tool from the tool bar. Then, click on the image wherever you want your first vertice to be. A vertice is like a corner. Draw the edges of the shape like you would use the Straight Line tool, then simply connect the last edge to the first vertice and the shape will finish. You have to be pretty precise, though. If you just miss by a few pixels, the shape will think that you want to continue adding sides to the polygon. Tip: You can constrain the angle of the line segments of the polygon to 45 degree increments by holding down the shift key as you click to create the next vertex. Example: Polygons are great for all creating all kinds of irregular shapes. Unfortunately, it's more difficult to draw a regular polygon, because you have to do each side of the polygon free-hand. But it is still a pretty useful tool. For instance, you can see here how you can use many irregular polygons to create a tile mosaic sort of look. Magnifier The Magnifying Glass, or Zoom tool, can be used to get a closer, more detailed view of an image. This is very useful if you’re working in close with the fine details of a part of an image. When you activate the Magnifying Glass tool, you’ll have an option to select between 1x, 2x, 6x, and 8x magnification. You can click on the part of the image that you want the magnification to center on. This will not affect the actual image in any way, just how it appears on your screen. Once you zoom in, the magnifying glass will automatically switch back to whatever tool you were using before. Example: Not too much needs to be said that isn't sufficiently demonstrated by the illustration above. Compare it to the original-sized picture on the Eraser Tool page. With the Zoom Tool, you can get up close and personal with every pixel in your image! If you've got a shaky hand, or need to work with tiny details, the Magnifying Glass will soon become your best friend! Ellipse(oval) The Oval Tool works much like the Rectangle tool. The only difference is that since there are no corners, you will need to guess where the corners would be in order to place your oval where you want it to go. Imagine that the oval you are drawing is being "hugged" by a rectangle that goes around it. Like up the top-most and left-most peaks of the oval’s curve to guess where the corner of the imaginary rectangle is and click there. Then, drag down to where the bottom-most and right-most peaks of the oval’s curve would be, and click again. Your oval should be about the right size and in the right position if you estimated it correctly. It can take some practice. Like the other shapes, you can create ovals that are just empty outlines, filled outlines, or filled with no outline. Tip: To create perfect circles, hold down the shift key as you draw the shape. Example: Pencil The Pencil tool is your basic drawing tool. You can draw in different colors, but other than that there are no other options. The pencil’s stroke is a single pixel wide, which makes it useful for working with fine details, but a poor choice for filling in large areas of the image with color. Example: You can do simple line drawings with the pencil if you have the coordination to guide the mouse with great care. Tip: To draw straight lines, hold down the Shift key as you draw with the pencil. Your pencil line will be limited to horizontal, vertical, or a 45-degree diagonal. Rounded Rectangle The Rounded Rectangle tool is like a cross between the Rectangle Tool and the Oval Tool. It draws rectangles, but instead of having sharp 90 degree angle corners, they’ll be somewhat rounded. As always, you can create rounded rectangles with empty outlines, filled outlines, or filled with no outline. Tip: To create rounded squares, hold down the shift key as you draw the shape. Example: This is probably the most common use for the rounded rectangle that I've come up with -- drawing voice bubbles. You could use ovals to draw voice bubbles, too, but the text fits much more easily into a rounded rectangle. See what other creative uses you can put the Rounded Rectangle tool to! Paint Brush The Paint Brush tool is similar to the pencil, but has more features. It too can be used in different colors, but the shape and size of the Paint Brush can also be changed. You can use square, round, and slanted shaped brushes, of various sizes, selected in the Toolbar Options. Example: You can use the various paintbrush shapes and sizes to create a variety of effects. Draw thick freehand lines like you would with the pencil, or fill in color in unbounded areas. Tip: If you hold down Shift as you paint with the Paint Brush tool, you can make perfectly straight horizontal or vertical strokes. However, unlike the Pencil, you cannot do 45 degree angle diagonal lines with this method. Select Tools These tools are used to select portions of the image you’re working with. These selections can then be moved around, copied, or edited without affecting the rest of the image.These tools are used to select portions of the image you’re working with. These selections can then be moved around, copied, or edited without affecting the rest of the image. To use the Freeform Select tool: Click on the Freeform Select tool Icon. With the left button, click on your image wherever you want to begin the selection. Drag the mouse around to create the outline of the freeform shape of your selection. Be careful! The mouse is tricky to use. It may help to zoom in using the Magnifying Glass tool. Zoom in close so you can see what you’re working with more clearly, and to control the mouse with better precision. When you finish outlining your freeform selection shape, release the mouse button. You will notice that the freeform shape that you had been drawing has just mysteriously turned into a rectangle! What gives? Actually, your freeform shape is still preserved; the selection, however, is outlined in a rectangular-shaped guide box. The freeform selection is bounded within this box. If you move the selected portion of the image around, you’ll notice that it still retains the freeform shape that you drew. This may confuse you at first, but you’ll get used to it before long. To use the Rectangle Select tool: Click on the Rectangle Select tool Icon. With the left button, click and hold the button to begin your selection. Where you click will become one of the corners of the rectangular selection area. Drag the mouse diagonally to where you want the opposite corner of the rectangular area to be. Release the mouse button. The Rectangular selection will also have a rectangular shaped guide box around it. Things you can do with the selected area: Copy or Cut and Paste: To copy the selection, press Ctrl-C. To cut the selection from the image, press Ctrl-X. After Copying or Cutting, you can Paste the selection by pressing Ctrl-V. By Pasting multiple times, you can achieve a mosaic or collage-like effect. Move: Left-click anywhere inside the guidebox and hold down the button to "pick up" the selection, and then drag the mouse to move the selection to another area of the image. It will "float" over the rest of the image, allowing you to position it wherever you want it to be. Release the mouse button to "let go" of the selection. Tip: If you hold down the Shift key as you drag your selection around, it will paste multiple copies of the image, creating a sort of blurred effect. Stretch: The guide box around your selection can be re-sized. You can resize by clicking on the square-shaped tabs located at the corners and the middle sections of the guide box, holding the mouse button down, and then dragging the mouse to change the size of the selection. Release the mouse button when the selection is the size you want it to be. You can make it bigger or smaller, and achieve a distorted effect by "squashing" or "stretching" the selection to make it either wider/narrower or taller/shorter than its original proportions. Menus File Menu The File Menu is where you’ll find commands that affect the file you’re working on in its most basic aspects. This is where you’d go to create a new file, open a file, save a file, or print a file. In fact, most basic phrases that end with "file" will be found… guess where? In the File Menu. We’ve already looked at the File Menu in our overview of using menus, so let’s get right to it: When talking about a specific command, we use the arrow notation. For instance, if we wanted to tell you how to open a new file, we might say, "Create a new file." But if we wanted to give more explicit instructions, we’d say something like, "Go to File ® Open." New Creates a new, blank (white) image file. Open Initiates the Open dialog box to open (view) an existing image file. Note that in Paint only one image file can be open at one time. If you try to open a second file, the first file will be closed automatically. Save Saves changes to the current file. Save As Saves changes to the current file, and allows you to pick a new or different file name for the file. Print Preview Displays the image on screen as it will appear when it is printed out on paper. This lets you get a sense, among other things, of how big the image will be when you print it to the page. Page Setup Displays options for setting up how Paint will print your file. Note that these settings will not be saved with the image if you use the Save command later. Print Displays the Print dialog box, where you can Print out the current image file. Send (Not covered in this class.) 1, 2, 3 Opens the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd previous files opened with Paint. Exit Shuts down Paint. Tip: While older versions of MS Paint were capable of working only with the .bmp file format, Paint currently handles a variety of image formats, including of the commonly used formats such as JPEG and GIF. This makes Paint appreciably more flexible for working with images and converting from one file type to another. Tip: The Save command may be your biggest friend in Paint, with the possible exception of Edit > Undo. But if you combine using Save with Undo, you can reduce your anxiety and work more efficiently. Ordinarily, you can only Undo your last action in Paint. That means, if you want to Undo the second-to-last thing you did, you're stuck. And if you want to go back five or six steps, you may have changed the image so much in the interim steps that the only thing you can do is start over. However, if you Save (or, better yet, Save As) your image after you successfully complete each major change, you'll have effectively worked around this limitation of the Undo command. Each time you save your intermediary work, use Save As to give your file a new name. Each new file that you save will serve as an "undo point" that you can go back to if you really screw up and all else fails -- if, for some reason, you find that you've made a mistake and can't Undo it, just go back to one of the previously saved files, and begin working again from there. It's a lot smarter to do that than to have to go all the way "back to the drawing board" (no pun intended) and re-create your original image and begin again from step one. Edit Menu The Edit Menu is where you’ll find most of your commands that are useful for working within your file to make changes of one kind or another. As far as useful commands go, the Edit Menu is another "heavy hitter." You’ll definitely want to learn the shortcut keys for the commands on this menu. Undo This is probably the most important single command to remember. Undo will remove the last change you made to the file. For instance, if the last thing you did was to draw a line with the Line Tool, selecting Edit > Undo would remove the line. This is great when you screw up and want to call a "do-over." You’ll use Undo over and over again, I’m sure, as you’re learning how to place Ovals with precision using the Oval Shape tool, or make the Curve tool work how you want it to. But be careful! Paint’s Undo feature only goes back one step. Everything else you did prior to the last step is set in stone. For example, if you just drew that line, and then accidentally clicked the mouse, creating another line, you’d only be able to use Undo to get rid of the last one. The only way to "back up" more than one step in Paint is to Exit without Save-ing, and then Open the file again. But if you do this, you’ll lose ALL the changes you made after the last time you saved. Therefore, smart Paint users will use Save frequently when working with their files, to preserve changes they’re sure they want to keep. Very smart Paint users will save multiple copies of their file with File ® Save As. As they work on it, if they change their mind, they can go back a few steps and not have to re-do a lot of repetitive work. And if you’re not particularly smart, don’t worry; the lessons will get drilled into you the first time you lose a lot of work as a result of not following the recommended procedures. One thing to be aware of: Undo can’t Undo everything. It works for the tool commands, but you can’t use Undo to undo a Save or Save As, for example. Repeat Repeat is like the reverse of Undo. It will re-apply the last change that you made to the file you’re working on. It doesn’t seem to be a useable option most of the time, however. You’ll find that it’s grayed out most of the time, and not a particularly useful feature. Cut, Copy, Paste Cut, along with Copy, and Paste are some of the most useful commands in Paint. These are used in conjunction with the Selection tools. First, use either the rectangular or freeform Selection tool to select a portion of the image. The Cut command will remove the selection from the image, just as though you cut it out with a pair of scissors or an x-acto knife. The Cut portion of the image is not gone, however. It is stored in the computer’s copy buffer, where it can be retained temporarily. Copy works much like Cut, in that it places the selected portion of the image into the copy buffer, but it does not remove the selection from where it originally appears in the image. Paste is how you get stuff out of the copy buffer and back onto the image; it "pastes" the contents of the copy buffer back into the image, where you can move it around before deselecting it. Cut and Paste are good for moving bits of an image around. Copy and Paste are good for duplicating portions of an image to create a motif or pattern or collage-like effect. Clear Selection Clear Selection is also used in conjunction with the Selection tools. When you use Clear Selection, whatever is in the selection will be deleted. It’s a little trickier than simply using the eraser and zoom, and less precise, but it’s quicker. Select All This command automatically selects the entire image. You can then use Cut, Copy, Paste, or Clear Selection. Copy To, Paste From These commands work with an outside file instead of the copy buffer. The copy buffer is like an invisible file that is associated with the Paint Program itself. This is useful, but limited, because only one thing can be in the copy buffer at a time, and when Paint is shut down the contents of the copy buffer may be lost. Or, if you are working with two programs, such as Paint and Microsoft Word, using the Copy command in one program may overwrite the contents of the copy buffer in the other program. When you’re working with copying and pasting a lot, you may find that you wish that you could keep more than one object in the copy buffer at a time. This is what Copy To/Paste From are for. You must have something selected in order to Copy To. Whatever you’ve selected gets saved as a separate file. Paste To works in a complimentary fashion, by pasting the contents of some separate file into your active Paint file. These are useful features, but they require the added step of using a dialog box to save or open a file, and are thus slower than the regular Copy/Paste commands. Only use these if you know you’ll be needing a selection frequently as you do your work. View Menu The View Menu isn’t particularly useful. You can toggle whether the Tool Box, Color Box, or Status Bar will be displayed here. You can also set the Zoom here, but since you can do that quicker with the Zoom tool, it’s hardly useful. View Bitmap will display the image at full size all by itself with none of the usual Paint window objects to get in the way. Tip: If you're looking around in the main Paint window for the Tool Box, Color Box, or Status Bar, and you can't see it, which means they're hidden. To show them, go into the View Menu and make sure that the check mark appears next to each in the menu. Image Menu Next to the File, Edit and View menus, the Image Menu is probably the menu where you’ll find the most useful features. You won’t use these as often as the File and Edit menu commands, but you can think of the commands in the Image Menu as being your Paint "power tools". You can use these tools to alter your image or selection in a number of interesting and useful ways. Flip/Rotate Flip will allow you to "flip" the selection over like a pancake. You can choose between horizontal or vertical for the direction of your flip. This is good if you need to create a "mirror image" of a selection. Rotate will rotate the selection. The Rotate command in Paint is not extremely flexible, so you’re limited to right-angle rotations (that is, 90, 180, and 270 degrees of rotation.) Stretch/Skew Stretch will let you change the proportions of the selection, making them narrower, wider, shorter, or taller. The ratio of the selection’s height and width will change, and will result in some distortion of the image. Skew is similar to stretch, but it affects opposing edges oppositely. For example, a horizontal skew might shift the top of the image to the right while the bottom of the image stretches to the left. This results in an effect that can be used in making an illusion of 3-d Perspective. Invert Colors You’ll get an effect similar to a photographic negative. Attributes Here is where you can change the basic image attributes such as height and width (which can be measured in pixels, inches, or centimeters), colors (switch between b&w and color), and transparency (may not be available for all file types.) Clear Image Self-explanatory; this wipes out the image, leaving you with a blank file with the same image dimensions. Draw Opaque Works with the selection. If unchecked, any background color (the default is white) in your selection will be treated as transparent. This transparency can be observed by moving the selection around – as the transparent portions of the image move over other areas of the image, you should be able to see those areas peeking through the selection. If unchecked, the background color will remain opaque when the selection is moved about in the image. Color Menu The colors menu only has one command in it, Edit Colors. The interface for this command is a bit complicated compared to what we’ve looked at thus far. This is the basic Edit Colors window. This will open up on top of the regular Paint window when you select Edit Colors from the Colors menu. From here, you can customize your color palette. The Color Palette is the portion of the Paint window from which you can select which color you want to use to paint or draw with. Since there are only a relatively small number of colors available through the basic Color Palette, you’ll probably want to pick custom colors at some point if you’re doing a lot of actual drawing with the drawing Tools. To do this, click on "Define Custom Colors". This button will cause the Edit Colors window to expand, and you’ll be able to select new colors from the Color Picker. As you can see here, the color picker allows you to pick from a wide variety of shades in the RGB color gamut. RGB color is the color scheme used by mixing the primary colors of light, Red, Green, and Blue, and is the basis for all color computer graphics. To pick a color, you can just click on the region where your desired color appears. You can adjust the lightness or darkness of the shade by clicking on the shading bar at right. If you know about color theory, you could enter numbers into the Hue, Saturation, and Luminosity or Red, Green, and Blue boxes. If you don’t understand it, it’s probably just easier to work with the gamut box. The color you’ve currently picked will show up in the box beneath the gamut box. If you like this color, you can add it to your color palette by clicking on the Add to Custom Colors button. The new color will then appear in the Custom Colors palette. When you are all done, click on OK to resume working in Paint. If you make a mistake and don’t want your changes to be saved, click on Cancel. Tip: To work with an existing color in the color picker, click on its swatch in the Color Palette. The position of the selected color will automatically change to the color that you clicked on. You can then make a more gradual adjustment of the color. Help Menu Help menus are funny things. They are frequently the most complicated menu in a program, yet they are probably the first menu that a new user is likely to need to use. Because they are complicated, most new users don’t use the help menu. Either they can’t figure out how to use it, or they get intimidated by it. That’s why classes like this are necessary. But if you can learn how to use the Help Menu, you can teach yourself a lot more than what you can learn in any beginner’s class. Fortunately, as the computer software industry has advanced and matured, they’ve gradually improved the Help menu’s functionality. Today, the Help menu is usually relatively simple to use. The Help menu only has two sections in Microsoft Paint, which helps eliminate some of the complexity. And, really, only one of these is of any real interest to us. "About Paint" just tells you about the copyright and licensing information… so it’s not particularly "helpful." "Help Topics" on the other hand, is the where the real show begins. Just click on "Help Topics" to launch the Help Window for Paint. The Help Topics Window can be displayed side by side with the regular Paint window so that you can refer to it while you’re doing your work. As you can see, the Help Window is divided into two "window panes" or "frames." The frame on the left side is your Help Topics index; the right frame is where the actual Help information is displayed when you open up one of the Topics and click the Display button. The Help Topics list can be searched in three different ways: through the Table of Contents, through the Index, or through Searching. I’ll leave it up to you to decide which method you prefer, but I think that the Index method is probably the most useful. The Help Window works a lot like a web page. If you’re already familiar with using Netscape Navigator here at the library, you should find it easy to navigate the Help Window. Just find the topic you need information about in the Topics list, click on it, and then click the Display button. The help pages related to your topic will then be displayed in the right-side frame. Click on one to get to the information. If you click on the wrong one, or don’t find the information you want, just click on the Back button (at the top of the Help Window) to go back a step and go into one of the other help pages, or do another search. Chances are, most any question you may have about using Paint can be answered through this Help Window. You can even print out pages from the Help menu and keep them for later reference. To do this, just click on the Options button at the top of the Help window, and select the Print command. One thing I should caution you about is the "Web Help" option. Don’t bother with this one. Some Microsoft products offer additional technical support through this command, but Paint is such a simple program that this wasn’t necessary. So you won’t find anything through Web Help; you’ll just waste your time looking. Even if you think you know everything, you might be surprised to learn even more on some aspect of using Paint by browsing the Help Topics. The more you do this, the more familiar you’ll be, and the more self-sufficient you’ll become. Before too long, you might become knowledgeable enough to teach this class yourself! ==============> COURSE COMPLETE <==============